2 Feb 2021

AEMET Open Data for weather in Spain, analysis with Python

 

 #74: AEMET Open Data for weather in Spain, analysis with Python

2021 started in Spain with extreme weather caused by storm Filomena, with heavy snowfall, and extreme low temperatures, and with a record of -34 C, see:
https://www.lavanguardia.com/natural/20210108/6173987/record-frio-34o-c-sera-reconocido-agencia-meteorologia.html

When I looked on the site of AEMET ("The State Meteorological Agency", an agency of the Government of Spain), to find more information about Filomena, I saw they offer open data via a REST-API, see: https://opendata.aemet.es/centrodedescargas/AEMETApi?

For how to use this API, see this video by AEMET (starting at min. 25): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-YF_dQ983Y&feature=emb_logo

I tested it with this URI for extreme temperatures, see:
https://opendata.aemet.es/dist/index.html?#/valores-climatologicos

GET /api/valores/climatologicos/valoresextremos/parametro/{parametro}/estacion/{idema}


and for the parameters I chose:
- value: temperature (in decimal degrees Celcius, so e.g. -1.0 C = -10 dC
- weather station (IDEMA-code): 2462 - PUERTO DE NAVACERRADA (ski-resort of Madrid, see: http://puertonavacerrada.com/).


Jupyter Notebook

I made a Jupyter notebook in Python to visualize the result of this API-call, and run it in Google Colab (Colaboratory), see FIG.1


FIG.1: Jupyter notebook with min.temperatures in Navacerrada 
     (with min.temp. of -203 'decigrado Celcius = -20.3 C in 1962). 
 
NB: 
- For 1962 there are duplicate lines, so it looks like AEMET forgot to clean this data (de-duplicate) 
- 1956 was one of the coldest winters in Spain and the temp. of -18.6 in Navacerrada was the 4th coldest temp. that winter, see:
 

You can run this notebook for another weather station by replacing in the GET-statement the IDEMA-code for the station in Navacerrada (2462). To get the IDEMA-code of a station, see e.g. :

I run it, so Google Colab, from my Android-phone, for the province of Teruel (IDEMA-code: 8368U), which had one of the lowest temperatures during Filomena, with this result (note that Jan. 2021-1, with -21C, was the coldest month in the history of Teruel).


FIG.1b: Jupyter notebook run on Android-phone for province Teruel


I used besides Google Colab, also Binder and a JupyterLab-demo project to run the notebook, see FIG.2b and:

 
FIG.2b: Jupyter Notebook in Binder

And I also used Microsoft Visual Code (open source IDE, multi-platform, multi-language) and Anaconda (tool for data science with Python and R) to run the notebook, see FIG.2c.

FIG.2c: Jupyter Notebook in VS Code


API

The API-result consists of a JSON-file that has 2 URLs: one for the actual data and one for the meta-data, and these are also in JSON-format, see FIG.3-5

FIG.3 : result API-call


FIG.4: actual data (JSON-format)


FIG.5: meta data (JSON-format)


Chart

For the chart, I selected (in the notebook) these columns:
- name of weather station ('nombre')
- min.temperature, in 'deci-grados' Celcius ('temMin')
- date of measurement ('anioMin' (year), 'mesMin' (month), 'diaMin' (day))

To store the JSON-data returned by the API, I used a dataframe of the Pandas-library and for the data viz (line-chart) I used the Seaborn-library.


To conclude this post, here a link with some photos of how my neighborhood in Madrid looked like when it was covered in the Filomena-snow:

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References:


Python Tutorial | How to use a Jupyter notebook online with Binder and Google Colab


 
Webinar AEMET Open Data
 
Google Colab turorial

Data Visualization using Python on Jupyter Notebook" en YouTube

Filomena snowstorm

VS Code :


Using VS Code with Python for Data Science / Data Analysis



Anaconda:


Downloads:

Jupyter Notebook: 


#Mirror 2 - Google Colab:



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